Thyroid disorders affect almost all of the major systems of the body. It accounts for most of the disorders of the endocrine system. Disorders that affect the thyroid gland include hypothyrodism (under active thyroid), hyperthyroidism (over active thyroid), and goiter.

Hypothyroidism

• Present at birth, congenital hypothyroidism is a condition in which there is a decrease in the secretion of thyroid hormone. This thyroid disorder can cause devastating consequences, such as severe mental retardation, if not treated promptly. Congenital hypothyroidism is also known as cretinism.


• Myxedema, which occurs during the adult years, occurs when there is a decrease in secretion of thyroid hormone. The hallmark of myxedema is edema (accumulation of fluid) in the face, which causes it to swell and look puffy. You can learn more about hypothyroidism in our Hypothyroidism Page.

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism occurs when there is excessive production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. The most common form of the condition is Graves' disease. Graves disease is a type of autoimmune disorder or disease. Autoimmune disorders occur when the body'simmune system mistakenly attacks normal cells and tissues. Learn more about Graves disease.

Goiter

Goiter occurs when your thyroid gland enlarges. The condition can occur when your intake of iodine is defficient. Goiter may also be associated with other thyroid disorders, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

[Top of Page]

This Page Last Revised: January 18, 2011